Salve a tutti,
sono nuovo al mondo di Linux ma qualche mese fa ho già con entusiasmo liberato un vecchio laptop installandoci su LinuxMint senza alcun problema.
Adesso sto provando ad installare - senza dualboot - MX Linux nel computer di mio padre, un portatile che ha le seguenti caratteristiche:
[CODE]Snapshot created on: 20231215_1232
System:
Kernel: 6.1.0-16-amd64 [6.1.67-1] arch: x86_64 bits: 64 compiler: gcc v: 12.2.0
parameters: BOOT_IMAGE=/antiX/vmlinuz quiet splasht nosplash lang=it_IT kbd=it tz=Europe/Rome
Desktop: Xfce v: 4.18.1 tk: Gtk v: 3.24.36 info: xfce4-panel wm: xfwm v: 4.18.0 vt: 7
dm: LightDM v: 1.26.0 Distro: MX-23.1_x64 Libretto December 15 2023 base: Debian GNU/Linux 12
(bookworm)
Machine:
Type: Laptop System: Hewlett-Packard product: HP 15 Notebook PC v: 0974120000405F00000620180
serial: <superuser required> Chassis: type: 10 serial: <superuser required>
Mobo: Hewlett-Packard model: 2337 v: 05.24 serial: <superuser required> UEFI: Insyde v: F.36
date: 12/18/2014
Battery:
ID-1: BAT1 charge: 30.8 Wh (100.0%) condition: 30.8/41.4 Wh (74.3%) volts: 16.8 min: 14.8
model: COMPAL PABAS0241231 type: Li-ion serial: <filter> status: full
CPU:
Info: model: Intel Core i7-5500U bits: 64 type: MT MCP arch: Broadwell gen: core 5 level: v3
note: check built: 2015-18 process: Intel 14nm family: 6 model-id: 0x3D (61) stepping: 4
microcode: 0x12
Topology: cpus: 1x cores: 2 tpc: 2 threads: 4 smt: enabled cache: L1: 128 KiB
desc: d-2x32 KiB; i-2x32 KiB L2: 512 KiB desc: 2x256 KiB L3: 4 MiB desc: 1x4 MiB
Speed (MHz): avg: 723 high: 798 min/max: 500/3000 scaling: driver: intel_cpufreq
governor: ondemand cores: 1: 500 2: 798 3: 798 4: 798 bogomips: 19156
Flags: avx avx2 ht lm nx pae sse sse2 sse3 sse4_1 sse4_2 ssse3
Vulnerabilities:
Type: gather_data_sampling status: Not affected
Type: itlb_multihit status: KVM: VMX unsupported
Type: l1tf mitigation: PTE Inversion
Type: mds status: Vulnerable: Clear CPU buffers attempted, no microcode; SMT vulnerable
Type: meltdown mitigation: PTI
Type: mmio_stale_data status: Unknown: No mitigations
Type: retbleed status: Not affected
Type: spec_rstack_overflow status: Not affected
Type: spec_store_bypass status: Vulnerable
Type: spectre_v1 mitigation: usercopy/swapgs barriers and __user pointer sanitization
Type: spectre_v2 mitigation: Retpolines, STIBP: disabled, RSB filling, PBRSB-eIBRS: Not
affected
Type: srbds status: Vulnerable: No microcode
Type: tsx_async_abort status: Not affected
Graphics:
Device-1: Intel HD Graphics 5500 vendor: Hewlett-Packard driver: i915 v: kernel arch: Gen-8
process: Intel 14nm built: 2014-15 ports: active: eDP-1 empty: DP-1,HDMI-A-1 bus-ID: 00:02.0
chip-ID: 8086:1616 class-ID: 0300
Device-2: NVIDIA GF117M [GeForce 610M/710M/810M/820M / GT 620M/625M/630M/720M]
vendor: Hewlett-Packard driver: N/A alternate: nouveau non-free: series: 390.xx+
status: legacy-active (EOL~late 2022) arch: Fermi code: GF1xx process: 40/28nm built: 2010-16
pcie: gen: 1 speed: 2.5 GT/s lanes: 4 link-max: lanes: 16 bus-ID: 09:00.0 chip-ID: 10de:1140
class-ID: 0302
Device-3: Chicony HP Truevision HD camera type: USB driver: uvcvideo bus-ID: 1-5:5
chip-ID: 04f2:b40e class-ID: 0e02
Display: x11 server: X.Org v: 1.21.1.7 compositor: xfwm v: 4.18.0 driver: X:
loaded: modesetting unloaded: fbdev,vesa dri: iris gpu: i915 display-ID: :0.0 screens: 1
Screen-1: 0 s-res: 1366x768 s-dpi: 96 s-size: 361x203mm (14.21x7.99") s-diag: 414mm (16.31")
Monitor-1: eDP-1 model: Samsung 0x4951 built: 2013 res: 1366x768 hz: 60 dpi: 101 gamma: 1.2
size: 344x194mm (13.54x7.64") diag: 395mm (15.5") ratio: 16:9 modes: 1366x768
API: OpenGL v: 4.6 Mesa 22.3.6 renderer: Mesa Intel HD Graphics 5500 (BDW GT2)
direct-render: Yes
Audio:
Device-1: Intel Broadwell-U Audio vendor: Hewlett-Packard driver: snd_hda_intel v: kernel
bus-ID: 00:03.0 chip-ID: 8086:160c class-ID: 0403
Device-2: Intel Wildcat Point-LP High Definition Audio vendor: Hewlett-Packard
driver: snd_hda_intel v: kernel bus-ID: 00:1b.0 chip-ID: 8086:9ca0 class-ID: 0403
API: ALSA v: k6.1.0-16-amd64 status: kernel-api tools: alsamixer,amixer
Server-1: PipeWire v: 0.3.65 status: active with: 1: pipewire-pulse status: active
2: wireplumber status: active 3: pipewire-alsa type: plugin 4: pw-jack type: plugin
tools: pactl,pw-cat,pw-cli,wpctl
Network:
Device-1: Realtek RTL810xE PCI Express Fast Ethernet vendor: Hewlett-Packard driver: r8169
v: kernel pcie: gen: 1 speed: 2.5 GT/s lanes: 1 port: 5000 bus-ID: 08:00.0 chip-ID: 10ec:8136
class-ID: 0200
IF: eth0 state: down mac: <filter>
Device-2: Realtek RTL8723BE PCIe Wireless Network Adapter vendor: Hewlett-Packard
driver: rtl8723be v: kernel modules: wl pcie: gen: 1 speed: 2.5 GT/s lanes: 1 port: 3000
bus-ID: 0a:00.0 chip-ID: 10ec:b723 class-ID: 0280
IF: wlan0 state: down mac: <filter>
Bluetooth:
Device-1: Realtek Bluetooth Radio type: USB driver: btusb v: 0.8 bus-ID: 1-4:4 chip-ID: 0bda:b001
class-ID: e001 serial: <filter>
Report: hciconfig ID: hci0 rfk-id: 1 state: up address: <filter> bt-v: 2.1 lmp-v: 4.0
sub-v: 9f73 hci-v: 4.0 rev: e2f
Info: acl-mtu: 820:8 sco-mtu: 255:16 link-policy: rswitch hold sniff park
link-mode: peripheral accept service-classes: rendering, capturing, object transfer, audio,
telephony
Drives:
Local Storage: total: 473.26 GiB used: 0 KiB (0.0%)
SMART Message: Unable to run smartctl. Root privileges required.
ID-1: /dev/sda maj-min: 8:0 vendor: HGST (Hitachi) model: HTS545050A7E680 size: 465.76 GiB
block-size: physical: 4096 B logical: 512 B speed: 6.0 Gb/s type: HDD rpm: 5400 serial: <filter>
rev: A350 scheme: GPT
ID-2: /dev/sdb maj-min: 8:16 type: USB model: N/A size: 348 MiB block-size: physical: 512 B
logical: 512 B type: N/A serial: <filter> rev: 2.00 scheme: MBR
SMART Message: Unknown USB bridge. Flash drive/Unsupported enclosure?
ID-3: /dev/sdc maj-min: 8:32 type: USB model: N/A size: 7.16 GiB block-size: physical: 512 B
logical: 512 B type: N/A serial: <filter> rev: 2.00 scheme: MBR
SMART Message: Unknown USB bridge. Flash drive/Unsupported enclosure?
Partition:
Message: No partition data found.
Swap:
Alert: No swap data was found.
Sensors:
System Temperatures: cpu: 61.0 C pch: 42.0 C mobo: N/A
Fan Speeds (RPM): N/A
Repos:
Packages: pm: dpkg pkgs: 2058 libs: 1041 tools: apt,apt-get,aptitude,nala,synaptic pm: rpm
pkgs: 0 pm: flatpak pkgs: 0
No active apt repos in: /etc/apt/sources.list
Active apt repos in: /etc/apt/sources.list.d/debian-stable-updates.list
1: deb http://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm-updates main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
Active apt repos in: /etc/apt/sources.list.d/debian.list
1: deb http://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
2: deb http://security.debian.org/debian-security bookworm-security main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
Active apt repos in: /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mx.list
1: deb http://it.mxrepo.com/mx/repo/ bookworm main non-free
Info:
Processes: 206 Uptime: 2m wakeups: 2 Memory: 7.67 GiB used: 1.13 GiB (14.7%) Init: SysVinit
v: 3.06 runlevel: 5 default: graphical tool: systemctl Compilers: gcc: 12.2.0 alt: 12
Client: shell wrapper v: 5.2.15-release inxi: 3.3.26
Boot Mode: UEFI
SecureBoot enabled
Video Tweaks:
Detected possible Hybrid Graphics[/CODE]
Eseguita l’installazione da USB, dopo il riavvio automatico lo schermo è rimasto nero per circa venti minuti, con la ventola molto attiva e nessuna speranza di tornare a vedere qualcosa.
Così l’ho spento manualmente e alla riaccensione non si è avviato il sistema operativo nuovo, ma solo la classica procedura di avvio da USB.
Detto ciò, ragionando in alcuni canali telegram e leggendo il manuale, ho capito che ci sono due ordini di problemi:
-
il secure boot UEFI, considerando le caratteristiche del pc e considerando che ho già spazzato via Windows. Devo disattivare il secure boot? Se sì, come esattamente? Se vado nel Boot repair, quale opzione devo scegliere? Reinstallare un nuovo bootloader o riparare il bootloader rigenerando il file di configurazione di GRUB?
-
la scheda NVIDIA, che è supportata solo dai dirvers legacy più vecchi che non sono più disponibili nei repository Debian correnti, mi dice l’MX test. Gli ultimi driver sviluppati da Nvidia sono i 340 del 2019. Ho letto nel manuale che in caso di schermo nero potrebbero esserci problemi con il driver grafico e viene suggerito di selezionare le opzioni di avvio safe video o failsafe nel menu. Come mi consigliate di procedere su questo versante?
Chiedo scusa se chiedo più cose contemporaneamente, ma vorrei restituire a mio padre un pc rinnovato e alleggerito, so che dopo questo scoglio sarà possibile ma devo capire come superare l’ostacolo e vi chiedo cortesemente aiuto.
Grazie anticipatamente,
Giovanni M.S.